What operational differences should I expect when running Catalyst in an air-gapped environment vs. managed cloud?

In air-gapped environments, you must self-host the Dapr control plane components (placement, sentry) and provide local replacements for state stores, pub/sub brokers, and secrets. Catalyst’s management plane is not accessible, so updates and monitoring require on-prem tooling. The agent runtime behavior is identical; only infrastructure provisioning and observability pipelines differ. Plan for offline artifact management for Dapr binaries and sidecar images.