How do scaling characteristics differ between Restate and Catalyst for large-scale agentic workflows?

Catalyst scales by leveraging Dapr's sidecar architecture and external state stores, allowing independent scaling of workflow orchestrators and activity executors. Restate scales through its internal journaling and virtual object model, which can be simpler but may hit bottlenecks with high-throughput agentic workflows. For large-scale AI-agent deployments with many concurrent workflows, Catalyst's decoupled scaling is more flexible. Restate suits smaller-scale or simpler durable services.